Career Education Online - Automotive Diagnostics

Automotive diagnostic strategies:know how much exhaust gas is being recirculated into
Barometric pressure, manifold pressure, intake airthe cylinders to effectively know the real weight of the
temperature, volumetric efficiency and exhaust gasair in the chamber. This action performed by the EGR
recirculation these items are all involved along withsystem actually cools the cylinders to reduce NOX
modifiers like battery voltage, coolant temperature andemissions and engine ping. Modifiers tweak the
throttle position. Of course you have to look at trim,calculated values to compensate for operating
short term fuel trim and the adaptive strategy beingconditions that always change. I recommend a good
long term fuel trim. The most important input to theemissions shop for any repair EGR related.
PCM needs for most any calculation is engine speed.-Battery voltage, the PCM looks at battery voltage as
This input comes from a sensor that is located in thean input to modify parameters, which is important to all
distributor. The PCM must see what the engineersystems and will maintain fuel efficiency and catalyst.
designed it to see of the vehicle won't run.Therefore a good battery in is crucial to all operating
-Barometric pressure, when the key is first turned tosystems!
the on position, the PCM reads the BARO sensor to-Coolant temperature, when cold the engine coolant
determine the altitude the vehicle will be operating at.temperature or (ECT) will cause the PCM to add time
Higher altitudes have less dense air and less moleculesto the base pulse width or (BPW) to compensate for
of oxygen in a given volume of air.lack & fuel vaporization. The PCM will never subtract
-Manifold absolute pressure or (MAP) is thetime for BPW, it will only add. The ECT is the main
measurement of potential air. This measurement tellscontrol sensor when the engine is cold or in closed
the PCM how much air is ready to enter theloop. When the engine warms up, it remains in closed
combustion chamber when the intake valve opens.loop and the o2 or oxygen sensor takes charge.
-Intake air temperature or (IAT) hot air is less dense-Throttle position sensor or (TPS) affect the BPW in
than cold air. Volumetric efficiency, this value is storedtwo ways. The PCM looks at throttle position to
in the PROM. It is a value measured by the engineerdetermine which strategy to use (idle, cruise or wide
when the vehicle was developed that represents theopen throttle). The PCM looks for rate of change from
amount of air that has the ability to enter the cylinderthe TPS to effect BPW and cause either and
on the intake stroke at a given rpm.-accelerator pump effect or a fuel cut effect.
-Exhaust gas recirculation or (EGR) the PCM needs to